1. Bungee (or the paper fork, Waterfall) allows us to set up a network of servers. Waterfall allows directing the players seamlessly between multiple servers, as if they are switching the world.

Installation
Builds for Waterfall are available at https://papermc.io/downloads#Waterfall
Launch and let generate the configuration files. The config.yml file will contain the most important settings.

Waterfall - Bungee config.yml
In our case, the Waterfall proxy is set to listen on port 25565 (default Minecraft) host: 0.0.0.0:25565

The priorities key determines to what server users will overflow in case that the servers are down. For example if you have server 1, 2, 3 and 4, they can be configured in the way that users arrive in server 2 if 1 is down, to 3 if 1 and 2 are down, etc. As we don't want people to join the server directly without having gone through the New Player Quiz, the only server priority here will be
This means that if the newplayer server is down or crashed, the new clients will be kicked by the proxy.
Enable ip_foward: true in the config.yml to allow ip forwarding (security and identity of users).

At the servers: block we setup the servers.
It is important to note that servers that run behind the proxy must run in offline mode and may not be accepting external connections.

Adding game servers

server.properties
For every game server that is being added, the following configuration must be done.
[CODE title="server.properties" highlight="3, 4, 24, 26, 29, 31, 36"]spawn-protection=0
max-tick-time=60000
query.port=25001
server-name=Minecraft Middle Earth
generator-settings=
force-gamemode=false
allow-nether=false
gamemode=2
broadcast-console-to-ops=true
enable-query=true
player-idle-timeout=0
difficulty=0
spawn-monsters=false
op-permission-level=4
pvp=true
snooper-enabled=true
level-type=FLAT
hardcore=false
enable-command-block=false
max-players=120
network-compression-threshold=256
resource-pack-sha1=71323230207761732068657265
max-world-size=29999984
server-port=25000
debug=false
server-ip=localhost
spawn-npcs=false
allow-flight=true
level-name=newplayer
view-distance=10
server-id=newplayer
resource-pack=http\://build.mcmiddleearth.com/content/Gondor2.zip
spawn-animals=false
white-list=false
generate-structures=false
online-mode=false
max-build-height=256
level-seed=
use-native-transport=true
prevent-proxy-connections=false
motd=\u00A76MCME \u00A7aNew Players
enable-rcon=false[/CODE]

1. Query port: convention is that we use the game server port +1
2. server-name: Set to 'MCME <servername>'
3. server-port : See reserved posts further down the document to determine if a port is used and for what.
4. server-ip: Must be set to localhost to only listen to local connections.
5. level-name: the world's name that is used on this server.
   Every server has to have a unique named world across the network.
6. online-mode: false

spigot.yml
The setting bungeecord: false has to be set to true

Table of internally used servers/ports
Bungee - Waterfall Commands