Mordor Infrastructure

[ryttyr]

[Decided to put this on the forums as I feel that it's a somewhat important question and didn't want it to be drowned out on Discord by other lore discussions.]

I was thinking about something. What would the infrastructure of Mordor be like?

EDIT: Ignore what I wrote below as I based that on incorrect information in regards to how long Sauron have been rebuilding Mordor for. Read Eriol's post below mine instead. Or read mine I guess, I mean I won't stop you.

In the books Frodo and Sam only run into just one (or was it two?) orc camps within Mordor but there must have been more than just temporary camps for the tens or even hundreds of thousands of orcs of Mordor to live in. Sure, there were the absolutely massive pits surrounding Barad Dûr where I assume a lot of orcs lived and there's also a lot of tunnels throughout the mountains around the Black Gate that I think stretched all the way to the Isenmouthe. But by the time of the War of the Ring it's been nearly 2000 years since Sauron returned to Mordor and started to rebuild Barad Dûr so orcs would have lived in Mordor for the last two milennia at the very least and in that time they surely would have started to build structures above ground to live in as well, especially since Mordor have been sheltered from the sun by that layer of clouds for years. The materials available to them would also have been rocks and stone with a verry small supply of wood from Nurn so they would pretty much have to build permanent structures if they ever wanted to build anything of notable size.

So the question is, how much unmentioned infrastructure should we build in Mordor once we get to it?

 

[Eriol_Eandur]

At the beginning of Third Age after the Batttle of the Last Alliance Mordor was deserted and watched by men of Gondor to prevent evil creatures returing into Mordor. Gondor built the Towers of Teeth and the Tower of Cirith Ungol to that purpose.

The Númenóreans indeed set a guard upon the land of Mordor, but none dared dwell there because of the terror of the memory of Sauron,...

When the Great Plague came over Gondor Mordor was left unguarded (T.A. 1640) and some centuries later the Nazgul came to Mordor (T.A. 1980).

And in the days of Telemnar, the third and twentieth of the line of Meneldil, a plague came upon dark winds out of the east, and it smote the King and his children, and many of the people of Gondor perished. Then the forts on the borders of Mordor were deserted, and Minas Ithil was emptied of its people; and evil entered again into the Black Land secretly, and the ashes of Gorgoroth were stirred as by a cold wind, for dark shapes gathered there. It is said that these were indeed the Úlairi, whom Sauron called the Nazgûl, the Nine Ringwraiths that had long remained hidden, but returned now to prepare the ways of their Master, for he had begun to grow again.

Some 20 years later in T.A. 2000 the Nazgul came out of Mordor and took the partially deserted Minas Ithil. Except of this attack no major attack came out of Mordor in all the Third Age before the War of the Ring. Apparently there were some orcs in Mordor as in T.A. 2901 "Uruks of Mordor" attacked Ithilien but that was a rather small attack. All major attacks on Gondor came from north (Wainrider/Balchoth) or south (Harad) of Mordor
Sauron himself returned to Mordor only 67 years before the War of the Ring in T.A. 2951 when he started to rebuild Barad-dûr (RotK - Appendix B). Before that time I don't believe in much infrastructure in Mordor. There might have been some small orcish settlements but not much more.
When Sauron returned he quickly created a lot of warfare infrastructure at the Plains of Gorgoroth:

Here in the northward regions were the mines and forges, and the musterings of long-planned war; and here the Dark Power, moving its armies like pieces on the board, was gathering them together.

I understand this as Gorgoroth was solely for military infrastructure. And there were a lot:

As far as their eyes could reach, along the skirts of the Morgai and away southward, there were camps, some of tents, some ordered like small towns. One of the largest of these was right below them.

Mount Doom's activity seems to be connected to Sauron's presence in Mordor. I can't find any reports about any eruptions in Third Age before T.A. 2954, only three years after Sauron returned. But even at active times of Mount Doom like during the War of the Ring Mordor was NOT sheltered from the sun for most of the time. The Darkness of Mordor during the War of the Ring holds only for a few days. When Sam and Frodo come to Gorgoroth they were able to see quite far:

Sam looked up out of the hollow. The land all about was dreary, flat and drab-hued. On the roads nearby nothing was moving now; but Sam feared the watchful eyes on the wall of the Isenmouth, no more than a furlong away northward. South-eastward, far off like a dark standing shadow, loomed the Mountain. … A few miles to the north-east the foothills of the Ashen Mountains stood like sombre grey ghosts, behind which the misty northern heights rose like a line of distant cloud hardly darker than the lowering sky.

Especially the last sentence sound to me like clear though very hazy weather. By far not all orcs got weak in sunlight. I think that's mainly a nature of the mountain orcs of the North.
My Conclusion:
I would suggest to build a lot of camps and primitive towns in Gorgoroth but nothing old or well build. Also I would build a lot of underground structures in Udun mainly as they are mentionend in The Two Towers.

 

[ryttyr]

At the beginning of Third Age after the Batttle of the Last Alliance Mordor was deserted and watched by men of Gondor to prevent evil creatures returing into Mordor. Gondor built the Towers of Teeth and the Tower of Cirith Ungol to that purpose.

When the Great Plague came over Gondor Mordor was left unguarded (T.A. 1640) and some centuries later the Nazgul came to Mordor (T.A. 1980).
Some 20 years later in T.A. 2000 the Nazgul came out of Mordor and took the partially deserted Minas Ithil. Except of this attack no major attack came out of Mordor in all the Third Age before the War of the Ring. Apparently there were some orcs in Mordor as in T.A. 2901 "Uruks of Mordor" attacked Ithilien but that was a rather small attack. All major attacks on Gondor came from north (Wainrider/Balchoth) or south (Harad) of Mordor
Sauron himself returned to Mordor only 67 years before the War of the Ring in T.A. 2951 when he started to rebuild Barad-dûr (RotK - Appendix B). Before that time I don't believe in much infrastructure in Mordor. There might have been some small orcish settlements but not much more.
When Sauron returned he quickly created a lot of warfare infrastructure at the Plains of Gorgoroth: I understand this as Gorgoroth was solely for military infrastructure. And there were a lot:
Mount Doom's activity seems to be connected to Sauron's presence in Mordor. I can't find any reports about any eruptions in Third Age before T.A. 2954, only three years after Sauron returned. But even at active times of Mount Doom like during the War of the Ring Mordor was NOT sheltered from the sun for most of the time. The Darkness of Mordor during the War of the Ring holds only for a few days. When Sam and Frodo come to Gorgoroth they were able to see quite far: Especially the last sentence sound to me like clear though very hazy weather. By far not all orcs got weak in sunlight. I think that's mainly a nature of the mountain orcs of the North.
My Conclusion:
I would suggest to build a lot of camps and primitive towns in Gorgoroth but nothing old or well build. Also I would build a lot of underground structures in Udun mainly as they are mentionend in The Two Towers.

Okay. You are right. I just double checked the information I based my question on and I realized that I confused the date the reconstruction of Barad Dûr began with the date Dol Guldur was constructed because apparently Tolkien Gateway just starts to talk about Dol Guldur in the middle of their historical description of Barad Dûr.

So yes, it seems clear to me now that Mordor was left completely untouched until about 1050 or so years before the War of the Ring and after that the population of orcs would only have grown at a slow natural pace until Sauron's return. So any structures in Mordor (aside from the defences built by the Gondoreans) would either be hastily put together in the last 67 years (or... 50 years on the server actually) or be the withered remains from before the War of the Last Alliance.